Understanding Acute PIVD (Disc Bulge): Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

 Understanding Acute PIVD (Disc Bulge): Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention


Acute Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc (PIVD), commonly referred to as a disc bulge, occurs when the soft inner material of a spinal disc pushes through its outer layer. This condition can cause a range of symptoms, significantly affecting daily activities.


Symptoms of Acute PIVD

1. Severe Back Pain: The primary symptom, often originating in the lower back, can vary in intensity.

2. Pain Radiating to Lower Limbs: In some cases, the pain may extend down the legs, indicating nerve involvement.

3. Pain Relief with Movement: If pain lessens when walking and worsens at rest, it is often due to acute muscle spasm rather than severe disc pathology.

4. Worsening Pain with Walking: Pain radiating to the lower limbs during walking suggests significant nerve compression.


Types of Acute PIVD and Treatment Options


Type 1: Acute Muscle Spasm

• Symptoms: Pain at rest, reduced discomfort with movement.

• Treatment:

• Exercises: Gentle stretching and strengthening exercises.

• Chiropractic Care: Spinal adjustments to alleviate muscle tension.

• Rest: Adequate rest for muscle recovery.


Type 2: Nerve Involvement

• Symptoms: Pain radiating to the lower limbs, particularly during walking.

• Diagnostic Steps:

• X-ray or MRI of the Lumbar Spine: To assess the extent of disc protrusion and nerve compression.

• Treatment:

• Physiotherapy: Specific exercises to strengthen the back and relieve nerve pressure.

DNS is very effective in activating core muscles.

• Chiropractic Care: Spinal adjustments to reduce nerve compression.

• Advanced Therapies:

• Spine Decompression Therapy: Using specialized machines to alleviate disc pressure.

• Matrix Therapy: Utilizes normalising muscle rhythm to stimulate tissue repair and reduce inflammation.

• Shockwave Therapy: High-energy sound waves to improve blood flow, promote healing, and reduce pain.

Many other methods are also available along with mentioned 

• Surgery: Required in less than 10% of cases, especially if symptoms include leg weakness or urinary retention.


Prevention of Acute PIVD


Preventing disc bulges involves maintaining a healthy spine through:

1. Flexibility Exercises: Regular stretching to maintain spinal flexibility.

2. Core Strengthening: Strengthening core muscles to support the spine and reduce strain.

3. Avoiding Prolonged Sitting: Frequent breaks and proper posture to prevent undue stress on the spine.


Conclusion


Acute PIVD can range from mild discomfort to severe nerve involvement. Early recognition of symptoms and appropriate treatment, including advanced therapies like matrix therapy and shockwave therapy, can lead to significant improvement. Preventative measures, such as regular exercise and ergonomic practices, are essential for maintaining spinal health.


References

1. Deyo, R. A., & Weinstein, J. N. (2001). Low back pain. The New England Journal of Medicine, 344(5), 363-370.

2. Weinstein, J. N., et al. (2006). Surgical vs nonoperative treatment for lumbar disk herniation. JAMA, 296(20), 2441-2450.

3. Airaksinen, O., et al. (2006). European guidelines for the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain. European Spine Journal, 15(2), 192-300.

4. Wang, C. J. (2012). Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in musculoskeletal disorders. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 7(1), 11.

5. Saggini, R., et al. (2015). Matrix rhythm therapy and its role in musculoskeletal rehabilitation. European Journal of Translational Myology, 25(2), 109-114.


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